Russian traders and soldiers began to appear on the northwestern edge of Kazakh territory in the 17th century, when Cossacks established forts which later became the cities of Yaitsk (modern Oral) and Guryev (modern Atyrau). 1954-62 - About two million people, mainly Russians, move to Kazakhstan during the campaign to develop virgin lands launched by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev; the proportion of ethnic Kazakhs in the republic drops to 30%. 2001 December - President Nazarbayev, US President George W Bush meet, declare commitment to long-term, strategic partnership. 16 October, 2016 / The exhibition of everyday life objects of Kazakh people. Kazakhstan, largest country in Central Asia. France and Kazakhstan sign energy and business deals worth $6bn during a visit by President Nicolas Sarkozy. In 1218, Mongol-Tatar hordes led by Genghiz Khan invaded Kazakhstan. Late 15th century - With the formation of the Kazakh khanate, the Kazakhs emerge as a distinct ethnic group. The war cost hundreds of Kazakh lives, civilians as well as warriors, but Russia made concessions to Kazakh demands in the 1858 peace settlement. 1995 - Kazakhstan signs economic and military cooperation pact with Russia; nuclear-free status is obtained; President Nazarbayev's term in office is extended until December 2000 and a new constitution adopted by national referendum. 1986 - About 3,000 people take part in protests in Almaty after Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev appoints Gennadiy Kolbin, an ethnic Russian, head of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan (CPK), replacing Dinmukhamed Kunayev, an ethnic Kazakh. The area that is now Kazakhstan was settled by humans tens of thousands of years ago and has been dominated by a variety of nomadic peoples. No true oppostion parties overcome the 7% threshold. In 1731 an act on Kazakhstan’s voluntary accession to Russia was signed. Russian traders and soldiers began to appear on the northwestern edge of Kazakh territory in the 17th century, when Cossacks established the forts that later became the cities of Oral (Ural'sk) and Atyrau (Gur'yev). The Execution of Stoddart and Conolly in Bukhara, Mongolia Facts, Religion, Language, and History, A List of Current Communist Countries in the World, Little-Known Asian Battles That Changed History, J.D., University of Washington School of Law, B.A., History, Western Washington University. 1940s - Hundreds of thousands of Koreans, Crimean Tatars, Germans and others forcibly moved to Kazakhstan. The largest ethnic group in Kazakhstan is the Kazakhs, who make up 63.1% of the population. 2010 February - A court overturns an earlier ruling that banned the media from publishing criticism of President Nazarbayev's son-in-law Timur Kulibayev. In the 1950s, Nikita Khrushchev decided to use Kazakhstan to showcase Soviet ingenuity in land management and agriculture.
It imports machinery and food. He is replaced by former deputy premier Karim Masimov. Under Russian leader Joseph Stalin's rule, the Kazakhs and other Central Asians suffered horrifically. Russian is the official language of business and the lingua franca, or common language, among all ethnic groups. According to the history of Kazakhstan after the rebellion of October 1917 the Bolsheviks ignored the ethnic differences of the people and created Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Kazakhstan in present-day Kyrgyzstan. Russians were able to seize Kazakh territory because the khanates were preoccupied by Kalmyks (Oirats, Dzungars), who in the late 16th century had begun to move into Kazakh territory from the east. The currency of Kazakhstan is the tenge. On December 16, 1991, the Republic of Kazakhstan declared its independence from the crumbling remains of the Soviet Union. 2001 November - President Nazarbayev purges government of officials accused of joining newly-formed Democratic Choice reform movement. 2001 June - Kazakhstan joins China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in launching the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) which aims to fighting ethnic and religious militancy and to promote trade.
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