Matthew Lutz is an associate professor at Wuhan University, School of Philosophy .
This is not a rhetorical question--I think it's a hard question. It would be churlish to dismiss the anger that motivates this rejection. But what if I offer an argument in support of free speech, arguing that it's both a human right and an important element of democratic culture. If anything is an undercutting defeater, then learning about the evolutionary origins of our moral beliefs is a defeater for those beliefs. If your opponent does, you get to call them on it: “Ad hominem. And if you’ve given a good argument for x, this gives me a compelling reason to believe your proposition. If anything is an undercutting defeater, then learning about the evolutionary origins of our moral beliefs is a defeater for those beliefs. If you do attack the person, you commit the ad hominem fallacy. What should she say? In any case what most of us are dealing with in our day to day lives is not the challenge and opportunity of rational debate. They’re not getting what they want out of rational debate, so they’ve decided to abandon its rules. “Calvinball” does not have any rules—at least, not any fixed ones. Evolutionary Debunking, Moral Realism and Moral Knowledge. There is a category confusion in this essay. The ancient admonition about where not to cast your pearls applies. Debunking Evolutionary Debunking of Ethical Realism. But there is a substantial gap in this argument between its main evolutionary premise and the skeptical conclusion. Anyway, thanks for your very interesting essay. Review: Jonas Olson, Moral Error Theory: History, Critique, Defence. Truth itself will have won out, and its devotee rewarded, however uncomfortable the journey. What should she do? My experience has been that arguing to win makes everything worse, poisons personal relationships, and provides at best a sullen acquiescence in the “defeated” and at worst a resentful truce. They are interested in Meta-Ethics and Epistemology. The protagonists of Calvin and Hobbes like to play a game quite unlike any other. The antagonistic scheme enforces a rigor that practically no one can bring to bear on him or herself. Keep on arguing. Still, the swollen river of irrationality rolls on. Pragmatic encroachment is the view that practical circumstances are relevant in some way to the truth of knowledge ascriptions—and if this is true, it would entail the falsity of SMI. I argue that evolutionary debunking arguments are, Error theorists hold that, although our first-order moral thought and discourse commits us to the existence of moral truths, there are no such truths. The ancient admonition about where not to cast your pearls applies. Is that an "ad hominem" argument? You write, "If you offer an argument that x is true, and I respond by attacking you, I’m not actually addressing the argument that x is true. Staking your chances of realizing noble goals on the ability to stop people from seeing the falsity of your claims is far less clever a strategy than armchair political strategists tend to assume. If I question your motives, I’m just changing the subject from the truth of x to an unrelated question about your personality. What rules it does have are made up on the fly and can be changed at the drop of a hat. And yet, they are still shaped by serious ethnic, religious and economic injustices. So don’t leave the field. They’re playing Calvinball. A Darwinian Dilemma for Realist Theories of Value. This site requires JavaScript to run correctly. My research interests are in Ethics and Epistemology, with a particular interest in moral epistemology. Some people will, of course, be tempted to prioritize winning over truthing. Most arguments are not debates at all, but a kind of low-grade, managed conflict whose purpose has little or nothing to do with “the agonistic search for truth.” People who have children will recognize the difference instantly, as will people with parents, people with siblings, people who are married, people with coworkers, people with friends, people whose name has a vowel in it somewhere, etc. (. In Phillip R. Sloan, Gerald McKenny & Kathleen Eggleson (eds. Over time, people are likely to realize and resent and eventually reject it. The Real Problem with Evolutionary Debunking Arguments. Explanationism provides the best explanation of the epistemic significance of peer disagreement.
(, best understood as offering up defeaters for our moral beliefs. Debunking Rationalist Defenses of Common-Sense Ontology: An Empirical Approach. Still, the swollen river of irrationality rolls on. The reason why it’s bad to commit the ad hominem fallacy, then, is not that it hurts your feelings or deprives you of a deserved rhetorical victory.
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