Combining these with a c-di-GMP-responsive transcription factor that controls expression of a reporter gene yielded adjustable robust c-di-GMP-mediated switches, which function in bacterial cells as well as in otherwise c-di-GMP-free animal cells. Towards a new understanding on the regulation of mammalian oocyte meiosis resumption. over 18 million articles from more than While FimA and its activation by c-di-GMP is dispensable for T4P-based twitching motility (which requires low c-di-GMP levels and is controlled by the PDE FimX [64]), it is critical for T4P-based surface attachment of P. aeruginosa under conditions of high internal c-di-GMP and biofilm formation. Crossing of Pde3a(-/-) mice with Gpr3(-/-) mice causes partial recovery of female fertility.
She also explained her recent collaborative work with Gerard Wong (University of California, Los Angeles) in developing a hydrodynamic model to visually examine different types of motility behavior of V. cholerae, which indicates that MshA pili are crucial for surface selection, irreversible attachment, and ultimately microcolony formation (56). Biofilm dispersal-inducing NO concentrations not only stimulate the PDE activities of MucR and NbdA but also activate transcription of nbdA. PLoS One. E. coli has five PDEs of this CSS-EAL type, which are all expressed but inactive due to disulfide bond formation (between the cysteine of the CSS motif and a second highly conserved cysteine) under standard aerobic growth conditions. However, c-di-GMP remained a topic for the adept connoisseur until the first decade of this century, when GGDEF domain proteins were unequivocally demonstrated to have diguanylate cyclase (DGC) activity (10) and EAL and HD-GYP domain proteins were recognized as two distinct families of c-di-GMP-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs) (11–13). In her talk, Ute Römling (Karolinska Institutet) focused on two degenerate stand-alone EAL domain proteins in Salmonella, STM1344 and STM1697 (E. coli has only one of this type of proteins, the STM1344 homolog YdiV). For instance, while many DGCs and PDEs are membrane attached via their N-terminal sensory domains, others are soluble in the cytoplasm. Her group recently extended this study to demonstrate that CdgA forms complexes with other proteins, including the Ras-GTPase-like proteins MglA and RomR, which are required for prey invasion.
It was also used to identify novel c-di-GMP-binding proteins from a Vibrio cholerae open reading frame (ORF) collection. – de Gruyter.
The meeting was closed by a presentation by Volkhard Kaever, who spoke on the detection and quantification of signaling nucleotides by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-coupled tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods. As a consequence of cellular crowding in combination with a matrix-dependent tissue-like cohesiveness and elasticity, these macrocolonies can buckle into complex three-dimensional structures consisting of intertwined wrinkles, long and high ridges, and/or concentric rings (46, 49–51). While the control of curli and cellulose synthesis by CsgD is essentially the same in E. coli and Salmonella, c-di-GMP signaling input is different, since the complements of GGDEF/EAL domain proteins only partially overlap. A directly related c-di-GMP-controlled feature that only recently has gained attention is the high structural organization of biofilms, which becomes especially apparent in macrocolonies.
2018 May;10(5):e8515. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, 22-day-old mice were primed with 5 IU PMSG, ovaries were collected 42-44 hours later, and preovulatory follicles punctured to obtain COCs.
ASM journals are the most prominent publications in the field, delivering up-to-date and authoritative coverage of both basic and clinical microbiology. Caroline Harwood and coworkers (University of Washington, Seattle) have investigated the FleQ–c-di-GMP interaction and reported the FleQ structure and conformational and functional consequences of c-di-GMP binding to FleQ. In all experiments M2 media supplemented with 3 mg/ml BSA was used. He reported that the N-terminal domain of the protein and not the AAA+ ATPase domain is involved in binding c-di-GMP.
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