Sust. stretch of coastline facing the Atlantic Ocean. power generation. Energ. The total CF of the OBREC module is 1.08 t CO2eq per FU is mainly due to construction elements (884.31 kg CO2eq) and minor contribution by building operations (85.28 kg CO2eq) and maintenance (113.57 kg CO2eq). These take part in indirect cash incentives. This book is published in the IGI Global book series Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability (PPPS) (ISSN: Copyright © 2016, IGI Global. “green” product means we’ve “done our bit.” They are equally uneasy Model. Energy Rev. Journal of Marine Science and Application. UNDP implemented energy efficiency projects can serve as an exemplary model for implementing energy saving measures in other communities of Armenia.
0001248998 00000 n This increased demand resulted in an intensification of the global energy-related CO2 emissions by 1.4% in 2017, reaching a historic peak value of 32.5 gigatonnes (Gt), a detour from the three past years in which global emissions remained flat (International Energy Agency, 2018a). 148, 563–573. J.
Summary of drivers and barriers related to wave energy Driver Onshore Offshore, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Sevda Akar, All content in this area was uploaded by Sevda Akar on Apr 09, 2018, Global Green Growth Institute, South Korea, Prociency in Sustainability (PPPS) Book Series, Published in the United States of America by, Business Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global), Copyright © 2016 by IGI Global.
6:109. doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2018.00109.
0001193863 00000 n International Energy Agency (2018a).
An overview on green house gas emission characteristics and energy evaluation of ocean energy systems from life cycle assessment and energy accounting studies. 0001048448 00000 n Colors represent three Life Cycle Phases (Legend: blue=construction; orange=building; gray=maintenance).
Carbon Footprint compared to the “environmental investment” in terms of t CO2eq: “CF” refers to the comprehensive impact of the OBREC module; “investment” specifically concerns emissions for integrating the WEC system in the breakwater system instead of using traditional antifers.
The simulation model describes the energy conversion and calculates the operation time, energy capacity, and output power of the device under different initial pressures, release pressures, and electric resistances. Figure 1.
0001197468 00000 n
0001195677 00000 n
In the United Kingdom, there were 31 WECs under development in 2007. companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark. Fourth, the wave energy has minor, The need for renewable energy has gained importance with growing concerns about climatechange. Are wave and tidal energy plants new green technologies?. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.284.
Available online at: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/SRREN_FD_SPM_final-1.pdf (accessed July 19, 2018). 0000055662 00000 n
doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.11.039, Keywords: blue energy, Life Cycle Assessment, Carbon Footprint, Carbon Intensity of Electricity, environmental investment, Citation: Patrizi N, Pulselli RM, Neri E, Niccolucci V, Vicinanza D, Contestabile P and Bastianoni S (2019) Lifecycle Environmental Impact Assessment of an Overtopping Wave Energy Converter Embedded in Breakwater Systems.
Supporting the deployment of ocean technologies would result in the accomplishment of recommendations and directives of the European Union regarding the promotion of renewable energies (European Commission, 2009; Sannino and Cavicchioli, 2013) and referring to the target set for climate and energy policies for 2030 and 2050 (European Commission, 2013; Sannino and Cavicchioli, 2013) and the objectives of the marine spatial planning and integrated coastal management directive (European Commission, 2014). 14, 899–918.
Potential impact on shipping if wave energy devices are not illuminated at night or if their moorings break away during storms. ronmental impact due to minor externalities (Bedard, externalities should be internalized.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijome.2017.03.008, Douziech, M., Hellweg, S., and Verones, F. (2016).
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